Galactography

Galactography, also known as breast ductography, is a specialized diagnostic examination used for the assessment of the breast milk ducts in women who have nipple discharge.

Unlike preventive examinations (screening), galactography is not performed routinely, but only when there is a clear clinical indication.

What is galactography?

Galactography is an X-ray examination in which a small amount of contrast medium is applied directly into the milk duct from which the discharge is coming, after which a targeted mammography is performed.

The goal of the examination is to:

• localize the change within the milk duct
• differentiate intraductal lesions
• help in planning a surgical procedure, if needed

When is galactography performed?

Galactography is recommended in cases of:

• nipple discharge
• bloody or serous discharge
• suspicion of an intraductal papilloma

Without nipple discharge – there is no indication for galactography.

When is galactography NOT performed?

Galactography is not:

• a preventive examination
• breast cancer screening
• a substitute for mammography, ultrasound, or breast MRI

For women without symptoms, the following are recommended:

• mammography
• breast ultrasound
• breast MRI (for increased risk)

What does the examination look like?

1. A contrast medium is applied using a thin catheter
2. A targeted mammographic image is taken
3. The examination takes a short time and is performed on an outpatient basis

The examination is minimally uncomfortable, without the need for general anesthesia.

What can be detected with galactography?

• intraductal papilloma
• narrowing or interruptions of the milk ducts
• intraductal masses

Why have galactography with us?

• experienced radiologists in breast disease diagnostics
• precise localization of intraductal changes
• quick interpretation of findings
• further guidance if needed (US, MRI, surgery)

Is galactography painful?
A little, the examination is short and minimally uncomfortable.

Is galactography performed preventively?
No. It is performed only in cases of nipple discharge.

Can it replace mammography?
No. These are different examinations with different purposes.