Bladder ultrasound

Bladder ultrasound with assessment of residual urine is a non-invasive ultrasound examination used to assess the appearance and function of the bladder, as well as the amount of urine that remains in the bladder after urination.

What is assessed with this examination

• bladder morphology (wall, contours, possible formations)
• thickness and regularity of the bladder wall
• presence of sediment, clots, or stones
• residual urine – the volume of urine that remains in the bladder after maximum urination

How it is performed

• the examination is performed using an ultrasound probe over the abdominal wall
• first, the volume of the full bladder is measured
• then the patient urinates
• immediately after urination, the residual urine volume is measured

When the examination is indicated

• frequent or difficult urination
• weak urine stream, feeling of incomplete emptying
• suspicion of infravesical obstruction (e.g. prostate)
• neurogenic bladder
• urinary tract infections
• follow-up after urological procedures
• monitoring therapy in urological patients

Normal values (approximate)

• residual urine up to 30–50 ml is considered normal
• values above that may indicate a bladder emptying disorder

Preparation

• arrive with a moderately full bladder
• do not urinate immediately before the examination

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